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I don’t worry about that. There are other markers of AI that are much more reliable:

1. Extreme verbosity.
2. Low S/N - i.e. lots of words to say not much at all.
3. Perfect grammar.
4. If you drill down into the subject, often completely incorrect - but you don’t know without having to read a whole bunch of tedious text.

And here’s how you recognize AI:

• High-schoolers turning a paper on a subject they know nothing about often fluff up their paper - at least when students still wrote their papers themselves - and hit 1. and 2., but rarely 3.

• Good writers always hit 3. They can be terse or verbose, and they may or may not hit 1., but never 2. or 4.

• Internet writers don’t write like journalists. Only journalists writing for a journal that happens to also publish on the internet write like journalists. Internet writers don’t quite hit 3, knowledgeable ones don’t hit 2., and almost none of them ever hit 1. Or said another way, when you read something about Linux networking that looks like an Atlantic op-ed, it’s AI.

Only AI hits 1., 2. and 3. AI almost always writes in a tone and form that doesn’t befit the venue.

As for 4., if you want an example of this, try to search “NFC unlock” on DDG or Bing (same AI-laden Microsoft trash search engine): you will find scores of perfectly-written articles that explain in painful details how you should buy NFC tags (they don’t say which), program them (they don’t say how), then present the tags to your device (they don’t say what devices) to program them to unlock upon presenting the tags.

If you know anything about NFC, you know this is all shades of wrong. But amazingly, each article on the subject is many pages long, perfectly written, and there are countless such articles.

First I’ve heard of em dashes being an “AI” thing. Aren’t LLMs trained on human-generated text? They wouldn’t be outputting em dashes if humans didn’t also output em dashes.